I think they’re going to be related to energy and scarcity of resources. So for energy: looking at alternatives to fossil fuels, such as solar panels, artificial photosynthesis, biofuels. But also new battery technologies and energy storage. For scarcity of resources it will be around maintaining safe water supplies, managing waste and recovering resources from waste. These are summed up in an area called Green Chemistry https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_chemistry
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